spring mvc注解实现

弃用了struts，用spring mvc框架做了几个项目，感觉都不错，而且使用了注解方式，可以省掉一大堆配置文件。本文主要介绍使用注解方式配置的spring mvc，之前写的spring3.0 mvc和rest小例子没有介绍到数据层的内容，现在这一篇补上。下面开始贴代码。

文中用的框架版本：spring 3,hibernate 3,没有的，自己上网下。

先说web.xml配置：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
  <display-name>s3h3</display-name>
   <context-param>  
     <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  
     <param-value>classpath:applicationContext*.xml</param-value>  
 </context-param>  
  <listener>  
     <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>  
 </listener>  

 <servlet>  
     <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>  
     <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>  
     <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>  
 </servlet>  
 <servlet-mapping>  
     <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>  <!-- 这里在配成spring,下边也要写一个名为spring-servlet.xml的文件，主要用来配置它的controller -->
     <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>  
 </servlet-mapping>  
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

spring-servlet,主要配置controller的信息

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
  
  <context:annotation-config />
       <!-- 把标记了@Controller注解的类转换为bean -->  
      <context:component-scan base-package="com.mvc.controller" />  
  <!-- 启动Spring MVC的注解功能，完成请求和注解POJO的映射 -->  
      <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />  
     
       <!-- 对模型视图名称的解析，即在模型视图名称添加前后缀 -->  
       <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"  
          p:prefix="/WEB-INF/view/" p:suffix=".jsp" />  
        
       <bean id="multipartResolver"  
          class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver"  
          p:defaultEncoding="utf-8" />  
 </beans>

applicationContext.xml代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd">

 <context:annotation-config />
 <context:component-scan base-package="com.mvc" />  <!-- 自动扫描所有注解该路径 -->

 <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:/hibernate.properties" />

 <bean id="sessionFactory"
  class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">
  <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
  <property name="hibernateProperties">
   <props>
    <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${dataSource.dialect}</prop>
    <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">${dataSource.hbm2ddl.auto}</prop>
    <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
   </props>
  </property>
  <property name="packagesToScan">
   <list>
    <value>com.mvc.entity</value><!-- 扫描实体类，也就是平时所说的model -->
   </list>
    </property>
 </bean>

 <bean id="transactionManager"
  class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
  <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
  <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
 </bean>

 <bean id="dataSource"
  class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
  <property name="driverClassName" value="${dataSource.driverClassName}" />
  <property name="url" value="${dataSource.url}" />
  <property name="username" value="${dataSource.username}" />
  <property name="password" value="${dataSource.password}" />
 </bean>
 <!-- Dao的实现 -->
 <bean id="entityDao" class="com.mvc.dao.EntityDaoImpl">  
  <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
 </bean>
 <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
 <tx:annotation-driven mode="aspectj"/>
  
    <aop:aspectj-autoproxy/>  
</beans>

hibernate.properties数据库连接配置

dataSource.password=123
dataSource.username=root
dataSource.databaseName=test
dataSource.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
dataSource.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect
dataSource.serverName=localhost:3306
dataSource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
dataSource.properties=user=${dataSource.username};databaseName=${dataSource.databaseName};serverName=${dataSource.serverName};password=${dataSource.password}
dataSource.hbm2ddl.auto=update

配置已经完成，下面开始例子

先在数据库建表，例子用的是mysql数据库

CREATE TABLE  `test`.`student` (
  `id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(45) NOT NULL,
  `psw` varchar(45) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
)

建好表后，生成实体类

package com.mvc.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;

import javax.persistence.Basic;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name = "student")
public class Student implements Serializable {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	@Id
	@Basic(optional = false)
	@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
	@Column(name = "id", nullable = false)
	private Integer id;
	@Column(name = "name")
	private String user;
	@Column(name = "psw")
	private String psw;
	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	
	public String getUser() {
		return user;
	}
	public void setUser(String user) {
		this.user = user;
	}
	public String getPsw() {
		return psw;
	}
	public void setPsw(String psw) {
		this.psw = psw;
	}
}

Dao层实现

package com.mvc.dao;

import java.util.List;

public interface EntityDao {
	public List<Object> createQuery(final String queryString);
	public Object save(final Object model);
	public void update(final Object model);
	public void delete(final Object model);
}

package com.mvc.dao;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateCallback;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;

public class EntityDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements EntityDao{
	public List<Object> createQuery(final String queryString) {
		return (List<Object>) getHibernateTemplate().execute(
				new HibernateCallback<Object>() {
					public Object doInHibernate(org.hibernate.Session session)
							throws org.hibernate.HibernateException {
						Query query = session.createQuery(queryString);
						List<Object> rows = query.list();
						return rows;
					}
				});
	}
	public Object save(final Object model) {
		return  getHibernateTemplate().execute(
				new HibernateCallback<Object>() {
					public Object doInHibernate(org.hibernate.Session session)
							throws org.hibernate.HibernateException {
						session.save(model);
						return null;
					}
				});
	}
	public void update(final Object model) {
		getHibernateTemplate().execute(new HibernateCallback<Object>() {
			public Object doInHibernate(org.hibernate.Session session)
					throws org.hibernate.HibernateException {
				session.update(model);
				return null;
			}
		});
	}
	public void delete(final Object model) {
		getHibernateTemplate().execute(new HibernateCallback<Object>() {
			public Object doInHibernate(org.hibernate.Session session)
					throws org.hibernate.HibernateException {
				session.delete(model);
				return null;
			}
		});
	}
}

Dao在applicationContext.xml注入

<bean id="entityDao" class="com.mvc.dao.EntityDaoImpl">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>

Dao只有一个类的实现，直接供其它service层调用，如果你想更换为其它的Dao实现，也只需修改这里的配置就行了。

开始写view页面，WEB-INF/view下新建页面student.jsp，WEB-INF/view这路径是在spring-servlet.xml文件配置的，你可以配置成其它，也可以多个路径。student.jsp代码

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ include file="/include/head.jsp"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>添加</title>
<mce:script language="javascript" src="<%=request.getContextPath()%><!--
/script/jquery.min.js">
// --></mce:script>
<mce:style><!--
table{  border-collapse:collapse;  }
td{  border:1px solid #f00;  }
--></mce:style><style mce_bogus="1">table{  border-collapse:collapse;  }
td{  border:1px solid #f00;  }</style>
<mce:script type="text/javascript"><!--
function add(){
	window.location.href="<%=request.getContextPath() %>/student.do?method=add";
}

function del(id){
$.ajax( {
	type : "POST",
	url : "<%=request.getContextPath()%>/student.do?method=del&id=" + id,
	dataType: "json",
	success : function(data) {
		if(data.del == "true"){
			alert("删除成功！");
			$("#" + id).remove();
		}
		else{
			alert("删除失败！");
		}
	},
	error :function(){
		alert("网络连接出错！");
	}
});
}
// --></mce:script>
</head>
<body>

<input id="add" type="button" onclick="add()" value="添加"/>
<table >
	<tr>
		<td>序号</td>
		<td>姓名</td>
		<td>密码</td>
		<td>操作</td>
	</tr>
	<c:forEach items="${list}" var="student">
	<tr id="<c:out value="${student.id}"/>">
		<td><c:out value="${student.id}"/></td>
		<td><c:out value="${student.user}"/></td>
		<td><c:out value="${student.psw}"/></td>
		<td>
			<input type="button" value="编辑"/> 
			<input type="button" onclick="del('<c:out value="${student.id}"/>')" value="删除"/>
		</td>
	</tr>
	</c:forEach>
	
</table>
</body>
</html>

student_add.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ include file="/include/head.jsp"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>学生添加</title>
<mce:script type="text/javascript"><!--
function turnback(){
	window.location.href="<%=request.getContextPath() %>/student.do";
}
// --></mce:script>
</head>
<body>
<form method="post" action="<%=request.getContextPath() %>/student.do?method=save">
<div><c:out value="${addstate}"></c:out></div>
<table>
	<tr><td>姓名</td><td><input id="user" name="user" type="text" /></td></tr>
	<tr><td>密码</td><td><input id="psw" name="psw"  type="text" /></td></tr>
	<tr><td colSpan="2" align="center"><input type="submit" value="提交"/><input type="button" onclick="turnback()" value="返回" /> </td></tr>
</table>

</form>
</body>
</html>

controller类实现，只需把注解写上，spring就会自动帮你找到相应的bean，相应的注解标记意义，不明白的，可以自己查下@Service，@Controller，@Entity等等的内容。

package com.mvc.controller;

import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import com.mvc.entity.Student;
import com.mvc.service.StudentService;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/student.do")
public class StudentController {
	protected final transient Log log = LogFactory
	.getLog(StudentController.class);
	@Autowired
	private StudentService studentService;
	public StudentController(){
		
	}
	
	@RequestMapping
	public String load(ModelMap modelMap){
		List<Object> list = studentService.getStudentList();
		modelMap.put("list", list);
		return "student";
	}
	
	@RequestMapping(params = "method=add")
	public String add(HttpServletRequest request, ModelMap modelMap) throws Exception{
		return "student_add";
	}
	
	@RequestMapping(params = "method=save")
	public String save(HttpServletRequest request, ModelMap modelMap){
		String user = request.getParameter("user");
		String psw = request.getParameter("psw");
		Student st = new Student();
		st.setUser(user);
		st.setPsw(psw);
		try{
			studentService.save(st);
			modelMap.put("addstate", "添加成功");
		}
		catch(Exception e){
			log.error(e.getMessage());
			modelMap.put("addstate", "添加失败");
		}
		
		return "student_add";
	}
	
	@RequestMapping(params = "method=del")
	public void del(@RequestParam("id") String id, HttpServletResponse response){
		try{
			Student st = new Student();
			st.setId(Integer.valueOf(id));
			studentService.delete(st);
			response.getWriter().print("{/"del/":/"true/"}");
		}
		catch(Exception e){
			log.error(e.getMessage());
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

service类实现

package com.mvc.service;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import com.mvc.dao.EntityDao;
import com.mvc.entity.Student;

@Service
public class StudentService {
 @Autowired
 private EntityDao entityDao;
 
 @Transactional
 public List<Object> getStudentList(){
  StringBuffer sff = new StringBuffer();
  sff.append("select a from ").append(Student.class.getSimpleName()).append(" a ");
  List<Object> list = entityDao.createQuery(sff.toString());
  return list;
 }
 
 public void save(Student st){
  entityDao.save(st);
 }
 public void delete(Object obj){
  entityDao.delete(obj);
 }
}

OK，例子写完。有其它业务内容，只需直接新建view，并实现相应comtroller和service就行了，配置和dao层的内容基本不变，也就是每次只需写jsp（view），controller和service调用dao就行了。

怎样，看了这个，spring mvc是不是比ssh实现更方便灵活。

附件源码：s3h